错过再等一年：IBD 2014 年值得关注的进展
2014年Advances in IBD大会已于12月4-6日在美国奥兰多隆重召开，大会分别从临床、临床研究、基础科学、儿科以及护理等五个领域展开。近年来，炎症性肠病在我国越来越多见，特将本次大会的精彩学术内容进行整理及编译，并邀请国内知名专家对内容进行精彩视频解读，第一时间全方位展示国际IBD领域的最新学术进展。
【流行病学】普通人群的排便频率、时机及大便形状：一个前瞻性研究
Because the range of bowel habits and stool types in the community is unknown we questioned 838 men and 1059 women, com-prising 72-2% of a random stratified sample of the East Bristol population. Most of them kept records of three consecutive defecations, including stool form on a validated six point scale ranging from hard, round lumps to mushy.
【流行病学】成人慢性便秘
Chronic constipation in adults is a common and often debilitating problem that may present to almost any medical practitioner as it can have many causes. The most recent Rome criteria provide a useful research and clinical tool for defining chronic, functional con-stipation (box 1).
【流行病学】慢性便秘：一项患者观念的调研
Constipation is a common, often chronic, gastrointestinal motility disor-der characterized by such symptoms as straining, hard stool, and infre-quent defecation. Published literature is limited regarding symptom prevalence, healthcare-seeking behaviour, and patient satisfaction with traditional therapies for chronic constipation.
【流行病学】泰国特发性便秘患者的病因：罗马II标准对病因与便秘症状之间关联性的定义
Objective: To identify the prevalence of physiologic causes of idiopathic constipation in Thai patients.
【流行病学】一项针对社区便秘发病率与成人泻剂使用情况的国际调研
Reported prevalence of constipation ranges from 4–28 %, depending on definitions and methods used, making comparisons between countries difficult. To determine prevalence in a large community, self definition of constipation is important and use of a standard questionnaire is mandatory.
【流行病学】一项关于韩国人肠排便习惯的研究：功能性便秘患病率和便秘的自检报告
Abstract Most studies of bowel habits have been conducted in Western countries. This study was conducted to estimate the epidemiology of constipation and the discrepancy be-tween self-reported constipation and bowel habits in Kore-ans. Telephone interviews regarding bowel habits were con-ducted with a total of 1029 individuals in Korea, 15 years of age or older.
【流行病学】在自检便秘的成年人中，有关泻剂使用的流行性与模式的跨国性研究
While numerous studies report prevalence of constipation, use of laxa-tives is poorly understood.To conduct a survey in seven countries evaluating prevalence of consti-pation and laxative use in its treatment.Thirteen thousand eight hundred seventy-nine adults [approximately 2000 each from US, UK, Germany (GE), France (FR), Italy (IT), Brazil (BR) and South Korea (SK)] completed questionnaires assessing occur-rence, frequency, duration and laxative use for treating constipation.
【流行病学】郑州市区居民便秘流行病学调查
为探讨郑州市区居民便秘的流行病学特点，采用整群随机抽样法对郑州市区的8个居民小区的常住人口进行入户问卷调查。结果显示，郑州市区居民便秘的患病率为18.16%(1108／6102)。女性便秘患病率明显高于男性；不同职业患病率有显著性差异，学生、干部和医护人员的患病率最高；小学及其以下文化程度和大学以上文化程度者患病率最高；嗜食辛辣饮食者的便秘患病率明显高于无特殊饮食偏好者。另外，便秘与运动量大小、有无疾病史及应用降糖、降压、降脂等药物史也有关。结果表明，便秘在郑州市区居民中是一种常见病，其患病与职业、文化程度、饮食习惯、疾病史等多种因素相关。
【流行病学】上海市社区成年居民功能性便秘的流行病学调查
慢性便秘是常见消化系统疾病，临床主要表现为反复出现排便次数减少、量少、粪便干结及排便费力等症状。用力排便可能诱发急性心肌梗塞、脑血管意外等发生，危及生命。在慢性便秘病因中，功能性疾病占57.1%，其中尤以功能性便秘为最常见类型。国内对于慢性功能性便秘的流行病学调查资料较少见，原因在于功能性便秘的诊断除了需要满足慢性便秘的标准外，也需要排除器质性或系统性疾病以及药物因素等情况。